26. Non-current Provisions

Pension obligations are post-employment benefits within the meaning of IAS 19. Pension provisions are measured using the actuarial projected unit credit method stipulated in IAS 19 for defined benefit pension plans. In addition to pension obligations in existence at the end of the reporting date, this method also takes into account the future earnings trend, expected pension increases and expected fluctuation. Actuarial gains and losses are fully credited or charged to other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. The net interest component, which includes interest expense from the interest cost of the gross pension obligations less the expected return on plan assets, is presented under net financial income/net finance costs. The plan assets bear interest at the applied discount rate on which the measurement of the pension obligations is based. The obligations presented in the statement of financial position are net obligations after offsetting against plan assets.

Anniversary provisions are other long-term employee benefits pursuant to IAS 19. They are also measured using the actuarial projected unit credit method. The interest component included in the anniversary expenses is shown in net financial income/net finance costs.

Provisions for pensions

All the plans assumed by BLG LOGISTICS are defined benefit plans within the meaning of IAS 19. There are no minimum funding obligations in place.

The individual commitments of the Group companies form the legal basis for granting benefits. In addition, obligations exist for the payment of a disability pension and a retirement pension from the collective framework agreement for the port employees of German seaport companies, including the special provisions for the ports in the state of Bremen, of May 12, 1992. As of January 1, 1998, the pension obligations existing up to that date at BLG AG were assumed by the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (municipality).

There are also pension obligations in accordance with the guidelines of the Siemens pension insurance for employees who were transferred as of October 1, 2001, from SRI Radio Systems GmbH and as of May 1, 2003, from Siemens AG to BLG Logistics Solutions GmbH & Co. KG.

Pension obligations exist for employees who were transferred from Schenker AG as of April 1, 2015, and from Kühne+Nagel (AG & Co.) KG as of January 1, 2016, to BLG Industrielogistik GmbH & Co. KG pursuant to Schenker AG’s “Benefit plan 2000” works agreement of February 28, 2003, as well as Schenker AG’s “Pension component employee participation” company-wide works agreement of June 9, 2011.

Due to a transfer of operations, BLG Handelslogistik GmbH & Co. KG assumed obligations from Puma AG in the form of identical individual commitments as of October 1, 2018.

In addition, there are obligations to grant and pay retirement, disability and survivor’s pensions due to a Group works agreement on ensuring the social future dated March 15, 2005. Significant portions of this benefit plan are made up of annually agreed compensation waivers to be negotiated with the participating employees and members of the Board of Management, while the components of the bonus plan result annually from an employee profit sharing plan established after the end of the financial year.

For parts of the individual commitments and for the obligations within the framework of the social future concept, there are plan assets in the form of qualified insurance contracts within the meaning of IAS 19. The plan assets are managed externally by insurance companies and, in particular, include reinsurance cover for pension commitments and deposits for outstanding reinsurance premiums, in which outstanding reinsurance premiums are invested as a lump sum in a securities account. The instalment premiums paid to the reinsurer are financed by a corresponding sale of the fund units.

Similarly to the reinsurance policy, the fund units are pledged to the beneficiaries. The asset values determined by the insurance companies are recognized as fair values. If, at the end of the reporting period, there is a match between the insurance payments made and the accrued pension benefits, the fair value of the pension liability claim from life insurance policies is recognized at the present value of the defined benefit obligations (primacy of the liabilities side).

The provisions are calculated by qualified actuaries, applying the projected unit credit method in accordance with IAS 19 and taking into account the respective underlying contractual agreement in each case.

The Group is exposed to several risks in connection with the defined benefit plans. In addition to the general risks of a change in demographic assumptions, the risks include, in particular, interest rate risk and capital market or investment risk. There are no concentrations of risk.

Present value of pension obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations changed as follows:

The weighted average maturity (duration) of the defined benefit obligations was as follows:

Fair value of plan assets

The fair value of plan assets has developed as follows:

Net pension expenses

The portion of the net pension expense recognized in profit or loss for the period breaks down as follows:

The service cost is recognized in the combined statement of profit or loss as a personnel expense, and the interest cost for the expected pension obligations is recognized as an interest expense. The expected return on plan assets reduces the interest expense.

Actual income from plan assets as of December 31, 2025, came to EUR 2,172 thousand (previous year: EUR 2,655 thousand).

Actuarial parameters

The actuarial measurement of the material defined benefit obligations was based on the following parameters (presented in the form of weighted average factors):

As in the previous year, the mortality rate underlying the calculation of the present value of the material defined benefit obligations was based on the 2018 G mortality tables published by Prof. Dr. Klaus Heubeck.

Sensitivity analyses

The present value of the pension obligations depends on a number of factors based on actuarial assumptions. The net expense (or income) used in determining assumptions for pensions includes the discount rate. Any change in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of the pension obligation.

BLG LOGISTICS determines the appropriate discount rate at the end of each year. This is the interest rate used in determining the present value of expected future cash outflows required to settle the obligation. When determining the discount rate, the Group applies the interest rates of top-rated corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits are paid, and with maturities corresponding to those of the pension obligation as its basis.

An increase or decrease in the principal actuarial assumptions in the amount of the expected future development would have the following effects compared to the parameters actually applied to the present value of pension obligations:

The sensitivity calculations were based on the average maturity of the pension obligations determined as of December 31, 2025. The calculations were carried out on an individual basis for actuarial assumptions identified as material in order to separately illustrate the potential impact on the calculated present value of pension obligations. As the average duration of the expected pension liabilities is based on the sensitivity analyses and consequently the expected payment dates are not taken into account, they only provide approximate information or statements on trends.

Funding of pension obligations

The funding of the pension contracts entered into for the Board of Management and senior staff and the agreements for the social future concept is fully covered by reinsurance cover for pension commitments and deposits for outstanding reinsurance premiums pledged on behalf of the beneficiaries. The pension policies are solely funded by the employer, whereas the social future concept is funded by contributions made by employees and a performance bonus paid by the employer. There is no obligation to participate in the social future concept. Port pensions do not contain any plan assets.

For the subsequent financial year, the company expects payments to the defined benefit plans of EUR 1,593 thousand (previous year: EUR 1,701 thousand).

Anniversary provisions

Provisions for anniversaries take into account the contractually guaranteed rights of Group employees to receive anniversary bonuses. Recognition is based on actuarial reports which make calculations based on a discount rate of 4.3 percent (previous year: 3.5 percent). The interest cost of EUR 341 thousand (previous year: EUR 317 thousand) was included in the addition for the reporting year of EUR 341 thousand (previous year: EUR 1,623 thousand).

Other non-current provisions

Other non-current provisions came to EUR 1,485 thousand (previous year: EUR 1,486 thousand).

Non-current provisions with a residual maturity of more than one year are discounted at the capital market interest rate corresponding to their maturity.